The Medicare and Medicaid programs cover care in nursing homes for eligible beneficiaries. Sections 1819 and 1919 of the Social Security Act (the Act) establish requirements for CMS and States to perform surveys of nursing homes to determine whether they meet Federal participation requirements. For Medicare and Medicaid, these statutory participation and survey requirements are implemented in Federal regulations at 42 CFR part 483, subpart B, and 42 CFR part 488, subpart E, respectively.Nursing homes are required to comply with all Federal, State, and local laws, regulations, and codes, as well as accepted professional standards and principles (42 CFR § 483.70). Federal regulations on life safety (42 CFR § 483.90) require that nursing homes comply with standards set forth in the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) Life Safety Code (NFPA 101) and Health Care Facilities Code (NFPA 99). CMS lists applicable requirements on Form CMS 2786R, Fire Safety Survey Report. Federal regulations on emergency preparedness (42 CFR § 483.73) include specific requirements for nursing homes’ emergency preparedness plans and reference the Standard for Emergency and Standby Power Systems (NFPA 110) as part of these requirements. CMS lists applicable requirements on its Emergency Preparedness Surveyor Checklist. The Fire Safety Survey Report and Emergency Preparedness Surveyor Checklist are used when CMS or a designated agency performs a nursing home survey. The results of each survey are reported and added to CMS’s Automated Survey Processing Environment (ASPEN) system.
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