Rec. 2.a: The DoD OIG recommended that the Under Secretary of Defense (Comptroller)/Chief Financial Officer, DoD, in coordination with the Deputy Director of Enterprise Accounting and Audit Support for the Defense Finance and Accounting Service, use a sufficient sample size to support the improper payment estimate by calculating the sample size based on improper payment amounts instead of only using the paid amount. To reduce the required sample size, we recommend considering alternative improper payment estimation methodology, and conducting risk assessments of the payment types for each program.